The Shadow of the Sun by Ryszard Kapuciski, 6 Fun Dart Board Drinking Games To Play With Beer (& More), 15 Deeply Twisted Dark Romance Movies To Watch Now, 17 Wickedly Great Witches In Comics & Graphic Novels, 18 Riveting Monster Books For Adults & Teens. We recommend reading this book before visiting Warsaw and the Warsaw Uprising Museum. In 2019, the Polish author, Olga Tokarczuk, won the Nobel Prize in Literature. According to reports made by the National Bank of Poland, the value of Polish foreign direct investments reached almost 300 billion PLN at the end of 2014. Global Financial Development Report 2014. Diomedes Cato, a native-born Italian who lived in Krakw, became a renowned lutenist at the court of Sigismund III; he not only imported some of the musical styles from southern Europe but blended them with native folk music. [299] Poland also recognises secondary administrative languages or auxiliary languages in bilingual municipalities, where bilingual signs and placenames are commonplace. While this in itself is unusual, the two become paranoid that the bird is the start of a series of unpleasant and ominous events. Seaports exist all along Poland's Baltic coast, with most freight operations using winoujcie, Police, Szczecin, Koobrzeg, Gdynia, Gdask and Elblg as their base. [395] Inglot Cosmetics is the country's largest beauty products manufacturer,[396] and the retail store Reserved is the country's most successful clothing store chain. Design thinking has served to democratize the field of design in ways many professional designers had never imagined (and many are uncomfortable with). Poland has a population of approximately 38.2 million as of 2021, and is the ninth-most populous country in Europe, as well as the fifth-most populous member state of the European Union. 3. [60] Upon his death in 1370, the Piast dynasty came to an end. As elsewhere in Communist Europe, the Soviet influence over Poland was met with armed resistance from the outset which continued into the 1950s. Do you have favorite Polish authors? [275], Poland's tertiary education institutions; traditional universities, as well as technical, medical, and economic institutions, employ around tens of thousands of researchers and staff members. Writing is the hardest thing to do in any language . [398], The cinema of Poland traces its origins to 1894, when inventor Kazimierz Prszyski patented the Pleograph and subsequently the Aeroscope, the first successful hand-held operated film camera. Like an increasing number of Polish novels, it also served as inspiration for a great piece of media in this case, one of my favorite post-apocalyptic tv series, Into the Night. [283][284][285] The metropolitan area of Katowice is the largest urban conurbation with a population between 2.7 million[286] and 5.3 million residents. [303] Important pilgrimages to the Jasna Gra Monastery, a shrine dedicated to the Black Madonna, take place annually. On average, over half of Polish respondents did not read any books in 2018. Drive Your Plow is one of the more amusing and darkly comic Polish books on this list. GameCop 1 yr. ago. As they begin to replicate their old organic lives and begin the difficult process of forming civilizations, they also start to wonder just how human they are now, if at all. As the only novel from the tragically short-lived cult author Wiesiek Powaga, Killing Auntie stands as one of the best Polish books of the 20th century.Read Killing Auntie: Amazon | Goodreads, Translated into English by Joanna Kilmartin and Steve Cox. Now, they find themselves on an Earth that has been completely sterilized and stripped of all living things. [400] Poland has also produced influential directors, film producers and actors, many of whom were active in Hollywood, chiefly Roman Polaski, Andrzej Wajda, Pola Negri, Samuel Goldwyn, the Warner brothers, Max Fleischer, Agnieszka Holland, Krzysztof Zanussi and Krzysztof Kielowski. We have traveled around the world and seen many places but find ourselves most inspired by our home countries. An important art movement was Young Poland, developed in the late 19th century for promoting decadence, symbolism and art nouveau. [277] It has a population density of 122 inhabitantsper square kilometre (320 inhabitants/sqmi). [385] Polish food is characteristic for its various kinds of kluski (soft dumplings), soups, cereals and a variety of breads and open sandwiches. On the 10th Anniversary of the campaign, the Foundation launched the"All of Europe Reads to Kids" programme to promote daily reading to children, facilitate an exchange of experiences and good practices between different organizations in Europe as well as provide a working platform for those who are willing to launch campaigns promoting reading to children in their countries. [352] Cloth hall markets (sukiennice) were once an abundant feature of Polish urban architecture. [319][320], The framework for primary, secondary and higher tertiary education are established by the Ministry of Education and Science. [38], In 1000, at the Congress of Gniezno, Bolesaw obtained the right of investiture from Otto III, Holy Roman Emperor, who assented to the creation of additional bishoprics. [225], Law enforcement in Poland is performed by several agencies which are subordinate to the Ministry of Interior and Administration the State Police (Policja), assigned to investigate crimes or transgression; the Municipal City Guard, which maintains public order; and several specialised agencies, such as the Polish Border Guard. [406] Some of the popular video games developed in Poland include The Witcher trilogy and Cyberpunk 2077. [233] Private security firms are also common, although they possess no legal authority to arrest or detain a suspect. [171], The climate of Poland is temperate transitional, and varies from oceanic in the north-west to continental in the south-east. But Dr. Kelvin begins to be plagued by bad memories, which appear as real-life, flesh-and-blood people. Poland has a universal healthcare system based on an all-inclusive insurance system; state subsidised healthcare is available to all citizens covered by the general health insurance program of the National Health Fund (NFZ). Apart from the publication date, the best way to read the Witcher series is to start with The Last Wish. [202] The provinces are largely founded on the borders of historic regions, or named for individual cities. [99] Fearing the reemergence of Polish hegemony, Russia and Prussia arranged and in 1793 executed, the Second Partition, which left the country deprived of territory and incapable of independent existence. Book readership in Poland 2018, by age and book number. Please join our community as we wander around the tipsy world reading books and watching movies to inspire travel. [269], The new Energy Policy of Poland until 2040 (EPP2040) would reduce the share of coal and lignite in electricity generation by 25% from 2017 to 2030. [386], Traditional alcoholic beverages include honey mead, widespread since the 13th century, beer, wine and vodka. In the Baroque era, Jesuit philosophy and local culture greatly influenced the literary techniques of Jan Andrzej Morsztyn (Marinism) and Jan Chryzostom Pasek (sarmatian memoirs). This action angered many Poles who considered it a betrayal by the Allies. Coal production in Poland is a major source of jobs and the largest source of the nation's greenhouse gas emissions. [354], The earliest architectonic trend was Romanesque (c. 11th century), but its traces in the form of circular rotundas are scarce. Under the brutal control of the Nazis in 1943, the Jewish population of Warsaw has seemingly no hope of escape. Hiking, climbing, skiing and mountain biking and attract numerous tourists every year from all over the world. [96] For his contributions to the arts and sciences he was awarded a Fellowship of the Royal Society. We have traveled around the world and seen many places but find ourselves most inspired by our home countries. Drink me! Less than half of them will survive. [196] The Sejm is elected under proportional representation according to the d'Hondt method for vote-seat conversion. [198], Poland has a low homicide rate at 0.7 murders per 100,000 people, as of 2018. It is a developed market and a high income economy. For the dance, see, Bitter glory: Poland and its fate, 1918 to 1939; p. 179, including the capture of the monastery hill at the, Grzegorz Motyka, Od rzezi woyskiej do akcji "Wisa". Number of books read in Poland 2021. Warsaw 1947. Moonrise, Moonset (English and Polish Edition) Best For: B1.2-B2. You can read Polish newspapers online, Polish gossip magazines. [38] The country's early origins were described by Gallus Anonymus in Gesta principum Polonorum, the oldest Polish chronicle. Sign up for updates and travel tips about Poland. The Pianist: The Extraordinary True Story of One Mans Survival in Warsaw by Wadysaw Szpilman, 9. [203] Administrative authority at the voivodeship level is shared between a government-appointed governor (voivode), an elected regional assembly (sejmik) and a voivodeship marshal, an executive elected by the assembly. Poland Real Estate Websites 1. otoDom.pl. The author of this book is a well known, Polish poet and novelist who gives an in-depth and provoking insight on the Polish Uprising in 1944 Warsaw. Explore true-life accounts of World War 2, and delve deeper into politics. Approximately 311,895km2 (120,423sqmi) of the country's territory consists of land, 2,041km2 (788sqmi) comprises internal waters and 8,783km2 (3,391sqmi) is territorial sea. [95] Corporal punishment of schoolchildren was officially prohibited in 1783. Poland is a founding member state of the United Nations, as well as a member of the World Trade Organization, NATO, and the European Union (including the Schengen Area). [280], Around 60% of the country's population lives in urban areas or major cities and 40% in rural zones. Details of the novel are strongly believed to be at least partially based on author Zofia Nakowskas real-life experiences staying in a sanatorium in Leysin, Switzerland at the time the novel is set. [98] The Targowica Confederation, an organisation of nobles and deputies opposing the act, appealed to Catherine and caused the 1792 PolishRussian War. [308], Contemporary religious minorities comprise Orthodox Christians, Protestants including Lutherans of the Evangelical-Augsburg Church, Pentecostals in the Pentecostal Church in Poland, Adventists in the Seventh-day Adventist Church and other smaller Evangelical denominations Jehovah's Witnesses, Eastern Catholics, Mariavites, Jews, Muslims (Tatars) and neopagans, some of whom are members of the Native Polish Church. During the Warsaw Uprising alone, over 150,000 Polish civilians were killed, most were murdered by the Germans during the Wola and Ochota massacres. ", Russian parliament condemns Stalin for Katyn massacre, "Poland World War II casualties (in thousands)", "Documenting Numbers of Victims of the Holocaust and Nazi Persecution". [377] The philosophical sci-fi novel Solaris by Stanisaw Lem and The Witcher series by Andrzej Sapkowski are celebrated works of world fiction. Watch on. Poland. Other identities were reported by 163,363 people (0.41%) and 521,470 people (1.35%) did not specify any nationality. Choucas by Zofia Nakowska Translated in English by Ursula Phillips Set in a sanatorium in the Swiss Alps in the 1920s, this Polish book's title comes from a French word for a type of bird that's native to Switzerland. The Shadow of the Sun is one of his most acclaimed works. [67] In 1493, John I Albert sanctioned the creation of a bicameral parliament composed of a lower house, the Sejm, and an upper house, the Senate. In recent years, Poland significantly strengthened its relations with the United States, thus becoming one of its closest allies and strategic partners in Europe. [279] Furthermore, Poland's population is aging significantly, and the country has a median age of roughly 42. The campaign "All of Poland Reads to Kids" ("Caa Polska czyta dzieciom") has already been functioning for over ten years. Polish mountains are one of the tourist attractions of the country. Whilst Polish political activists had faced heavy censorship in the decades up until World War I, a new political tradition was established in the country. [76] State affairs were then headed by Jan Zamoyski, the Crown Chancellor. [223] Polish military tradition is generally commemorated by the Armed Forces Day, celebrated annually on 15 August. Book readership in Poland 2017-2020, by book number. [216][217] It has a total of 52 representatives in the European Parliament as of 2022. And because Tango is one of the most important Polish plays of the 20th century, it's the perfect place to start if your goal is to really know Polish history and culture (as well as the language). This has only been possible due to the work of thousands of volunteers, and due to the support of our partners, who have helped us both financially and also by promoting our reading campaign. [185] An estimated 69% of all forests are coniferous. Fuks is another young man looking for solitude and relaxation in the country, having fled from his tyrannical boss. [288], In the 2011 Polish census, 37,310,341 people reported Polish identity, 846,719 Silesian, 232,547 Kashubian and 147,814 German. We started the project on the 1st of June 2001, possessing only one beautiful poster depicting a butterfly, created by Rafal Olbinski, as well as a TV and radio advert entitled: " Dad, can you read?". [33][34] Beginning in the early 10th century, the Polans would come to dominate other Lechitic tribes in the region, initially forming a tribal federation and later a centralised monarchial state. [287] Population density is higher in the south of Poland and mostly concentrated between the cities of Wrocaw and Krakw. [107] After its collapse, Congress Poland lost its constitutional autonomy, army and legislative assembly. [218] Warsaw serves as the headquarters for Frontex, the European Union's agency for external border security as well as ODIHR, one of the principal institutions of the OSCE. In 2013, a group of Indiana hairstylists sued their coworker after that coworker claimed she had purchased a $9.5-million-winning ticket with her own money - not the pool's money, CNN . [367] It has been since included in UNESCO's Memory of World Register. The country has 17 UNESCO World Heritage Sites, 15 of which are cultural. With its witty prose and dark sense of humor, Killing Auntie asks one of the oldest questions related to murder in fiction: what do you do with the body? Since the 20th century Polish documentary art and photography has enjoyed worldwide fame, especially the Polish School of Posters. The top Ekstraliga division has one of the highest average attendances for any sport in Poland. [261] The largest castle in the world by land area is situated in Malbork, in north-central Poland.[262]. [407][408] Track and field, basketball, handball, boxing, MMA, ski jumping, cross-country skiing, ice hockey, tennis, fencing, swimming, and weightlifting are other popular sports. Of course it is slow process but this way you can understand text in Polish way easier and faster. 2. In 19391941, the Soviets deported hundreds of thousands of Poles. BTW. [164] The 2015 and 2019 elections were won by the conservative Law and Justice Party (PiS) led by Jarosaw Kaczyski,[165][166] resulting in increased Euroscepticism and increased friction with the European Union. [20] These comprised Lesser Poland, Greater Poland, Silesia, Masovia and Sandomierz, with intermittent hold over Pomerania. [290] The number of migrants is rising steadily; the country approved 504,172 work permits for foreigners in 2021 alone. [336] An empty plate and seat are symbolically left at the table for an unexpected guest. She is best known for her book Bieguni (Flights in English). The Poles actively aided French troops in the Napoleonic Wars, particularly those under Jzef Poniatowski who became Marshal of France shortly before his death at Leipzig in 1813. [161] On 10 April 2010, the President of Poland Lech Kaczyski, along with 89 other high-ranking Polish officials died in a plane crash near Smolensk, Russia. [249] The country's largest firms compose the WIG20 and WIG30 indexes, which is traded on the Warsaw Stock Exchange. Books are a fantastic source of knowledge about the history, culture and people of a place. So, what are the best Polish books to read right now? [170], Poland covers an administrative area of 312,722km2 (120,743sqmi), and is the ninth-largest country in Europe. Copyright 2023 The Uncorked Librarian LLC, 2. The Old Axolotl: Hardware Dreams by Jacek Dukaj, 4. The highest part of the Carpathian massif are the Tatra Mountains, extending along Poland's southern border. [329] The Poles take great pride in their national identity which is often associated with the colours white and red, and exuded by the expression biao-czerwoni ("whitereds"). Meals conclude with a dessert such as sernik (cheesecake), makowiec (poppy seed roll), or napoleonka cream pie. [398] The national dress and etiquette of Poland also reached the court at Versailles, where French dresses inspired by Polish garments included robe la polonaise and the witzchoura. [375][376], Contemporary Polish literature is versatile, with its fantasy genre having been particularly praised. [94] Disregarding the territorial losses, in 1773 a plan of critical reforms was established, in which the Commission of National Education, the first government education authority in Europe, was inaugurated. Discover more books set in Africa.Read The Shadow of the Sun: Amazon | Goodreads. Four generations of women, one house with a large stained-glass window, in which our plot begins. The Soviet NKVD executed thousands of Polish prisoners of war (among other incidents in the Katyn massacre) ahead of Operation Barbarossa. Illustration by John Tenniel, 1865. Olga Tokarczuk is one of the most celebrated contemporary Polish authors and has written multiple highly acclaimed books about Poland. Dont think that Polish books are only about history. Towards the end of the 19th century, Congress Poland became heavily industrialised; its primary exports being coal, zinc, iron and textiles. Plus there are the Polish language learning books that teach writing and grammar. Other cities attracting countless tourists include Gdask, Pozna, Lublin, Toru as well as the site of the German Auschwitz concentration camp in Owicim. On 24 October 1795, the Commonwealth was partitioned for the third time and ceased to exist as a territorial entity. [47] In 1138, the country fragmented into five principalities when Bolesaw III Wrymouth divided his lands among his sons. [106], In 1830, non-commissioned officers at Warsaw's Officer Cadet School rebelled in what was the November Uprising. [364], The literary works of Poland have traditionally concentrated around the themes of patriotism, spirituality, social allegories and moral narratives. [384], Traditional dishes are hearty and abundant in pork, potatoes, eggs, cream, mushrooms, regional herbs, and sauce. The electricity generation sector in Poland is largely fossil-fuelbased. [388] The most popular alcoholic drinks at present are beer and wine which took over from vodka more popular in the years 19801998. [in:] Marc E. Heine. A Memoir of the Warsaw Uprising by Miron Biaoszewski, 10. [341], Artists from Poland, including famous musicians such as Frdric Chopin, Artur Rubinstein, Ignacy Jan Paderewski, Krzysztof Penderecki, Henryk Wieniawski, Karol Szymanowski, and traditional, regionalised folk composers create a lively and diverse music scene, which even recognises its own music genres, such as sung poetry and disco polo. List of the most popular newspapers and online news in Asia In September 1939, the invasion of Poland by Germany and the Soviet Union marked the beginning of World War II, which resulted in the Holocaust and millions of Polish casualties. Transport in Poland is provided by means of rail, road, marine shipping and air travel. [171], The country has a coastline spanning 770km (480mi); extending from the shores of the Baltic Sea, along the Bay of Pomerania in the west to the Gulf of Gdask in the east. However, my grammar is poor and I can't really write. Then, uncover the best Polish novels with science-fiction and supernational elements. [70] In Poland, Nontrinitarian Christianity became the doctrine of the so-called Polish Brethren, who separated from their Calvinist denomination and became the co-founders of global Unitarianism. On August 1st, 1944, one of the most infamous uprisings of WWII began as the residents of Warsaw fought for their freedom from the Nazis. Start reading in Polish. Having snuck out of the ghetto by posing as the wife of a Polish officer, she is spotted by an informer and taken to the Gestapo. [61] He was succeeded by his closest male relative, Louis of Anjou, who ruled Poland, Hungary and Croatia in a personal union. It was one of the three largest resistance movements of the entire war, and encompassed a range of clandestine activities, which functioned as an underground state complete with degree-awarding universities and a court system. Can they get ahead of whatever malevolent force may or may not be working against them? [250], Poland has the largest banking sector in Central Europe,[251] with 32.3 branches per 100,000 adults. The book details the end of colonialism throughout the continent but focuses on a few countries he knew best, including Ghana, Ethiopia, Tanzania, Uganda, and Rwanda. [326] There are three conventional academic degrees in Poland licencjat or inynier (first cycle qualification), magister (second cycle qualification) and doktor (third cycle qualification). [223] The military is subordinate to the Ministry of National Defence of the Republic of Poland. [82] The liberal Wadysaw IV effectively defended Poland's territorial possessions but after his death the vast Commonwealth began declining from internal disorder and constant warfare. [77] In 1592, Sigismund III of Poland succeeded his father, John Vasa, in Sweden. The Soviet Union instituted a new communist government in Poland, analogous to much of the rest of the Eastern Bloc. [315][316] In the same year, Poland was also the 15th-largest importer of medications and pharmaceutical products. [256], Poland experienced a significant increase in the number of tourists after joining the European Union in 2004. [309], Medical service providers and hospitals (szpitale) in Poland are subordinate to the Ministry of Health; it provides administrative oversight and scrutiny of general medical practice, and is obliged to maintain a high standard of hygiene and patient care. [144], In 1945, Poland's borders were shifted westwards. [2] Official population statistics do not include migrant workers who do not possess a permanent residency permit or Karta Polaka. The House with the Stained-Glass Window by anna Soniowska, 5. [160], Poland joined the Schengen Area in 2007, as a result of which, the country's borders with other member states of the European Union have been dismantled, allowing for full freedom of movement within most of the European Union. This site uses cookies according to Privacy Policy. [330] National symbols, chiefly the crowned white-tailed eagle, are often visible on clothing, insignia and emblems. [154] As with other post-communist countries, Poland suffered temporary declines in social, economic, and living standards,[155] but it became the first post-communist country to reach its pre-1989 GDP levels as early as 1995, largely due to its booming economy. So this country is scrapping its income tax", "International tourism strong despite uncertain economy", "UNTWO World Tourism Barometer, Vol.5 No.2", "Autostrady:: Generalna Dyrekcja Drg Krajowych i Autostrad Serwis informacyjny", "National Road Rebuilding Program (Polish)", "Length of the rail network in Europe 2017, by country", "Frequently Asked Questions on Energy Security", "Energy Policy of Poland until 2040 (EPP2040)", "Nicolaus Copernicus Biography: Facts & Discoveries", "Research Institutes In Poland Evaluation of Their Place and Role in Innovative Politics in Poland", "Fertility rate, total (births per woman) - Poland", "Urban population (% of the population) - Poland", "Distribution of population by degree of urbanisation, dwelling type and income group - EU-SILC survey", Funkcje Metropolitalne Piciu Stolic Wojewdztw Wschodnich, European Spatial Planning Observation Network, "Informacja o wynikach Narodowego Spisu Powszechnego Ludnoci i Mieszka 2021 na poziomie wojewdztw, powiatw i gmin", "Act of 6 January 2005 on national and ethnic minorities and on the regional languages", "Obwieszczenie Marszaka Sejmu Rzeczypospolitej Polskiej z dnia 5 kwietnia 2017 r. w sprawie ogoszenia jednolitego tekstu ustawy o mniejszociach narodowych i etnicznych oraz o jzyku regionalnym", "O wyjazdach zagranicznych i znajomoci jzykw obcych", "Infographic - Religiousness of Polish inhabitants", "Concise Statistical Yearbook of Poland, 2008", "Prywatnie leczy si ju ponad poowa Polakw", "Poland Guide: The Polish health care system, An introduction: Poland's health care is based on a general", "Mortality rate, infant (per 1,000 live births) | Data", "Poland: Country Health Profile 2019 | READ online", "Prywatna opieka medyczna czy warto? Polish troops played an important role in the Normandy, Italian and North African Campaigns and are particularly remembered for the Battle of Monte Cassino. [182], There is a considerable fluctuation in day-to-day weather and the arrival of a particular season can differ each year. The author is an American living in Poland, so the book is written for English-speakers to relate to. The country is bordered by Lithuania and Russia to the northeast,[c] Belarus and Ukraine to the east, Slovakia and the Czech Republic to the south, and Germany to the west. Kapuciski spent nearly 30 years living and traveling in Africa writing about colonialism and politics. [228] Also, the Polish military is set to increase its size to 250,000 enlisted and officers, and 50,000 defence force personnel. [115], The inter-war period heralded a new era of Polish politics. Warsaw is the nation's capital and largest metropolis. Polish fashion chain moves into BHS flagship store", "The Wrightsman Collection. [183] Precipitation is more frequent during the summer months, with highest rainfall recorded from June to September. Notable art academies in Poland include the Krakw Academy of Fine Arts, Academy of Fine Arts in Warsaw, Art Academy of Szczecin, University of Fine Arts in Pozna and the Geppert Academy of Fine Arts in Wrocaw. Morizon. [88], The royal election of 1764 resulted in the elevation of Stanisaw II Augustus Poniatowski to the monarchy. The Central Statistical Office estimated that in 2014 there were 1,437 Polish corporations with interests in 3,194 foreign entities. 1. In order to escape an apocalyptic event, a small number of people manage to download their consciousnesses into machines, barely avoiding annihilation by the skin of their no-longer-existent teeth. [162], In 2011, the ruling Civic Platform won parliamentary elections. Czy mog nas zatrzyma, przeszuka, legitymowa? The Pieniny and Bieszczady Mountains lie in the extreme south-east. [78] The Polish-Swedish union endured until 1599, when he was deposed by the Swedes. [223] However, its commander-in-chief in peacetime is the president, who nominates officers, the Minister for National Defence and the chief of staff. His incredible writing skills will make you feel like a character in his story and leave you with a better understanding of World War II in Poland. [264] In addition, all local and regional roads are monitored by the National Road Rebuilding Programme, which aims to improve the quality of travel in the countryside and suburban localities.[265]. But Janina believes there could be other powers at play. Individually, Poland has three Speedway Grand Prix World Champions, with the most successful being three-time World Champion Bartosz Zmarzlik who won back-to-back championships in 2019 and 2020, and his third in 2022. [104], In 1806, an insurrection organised by Jan Henryk Dbrowski liberated western Poland ahead of Napoleon's advance into Prussia during the War of the Fourth Coalition. Translated into English by Danuta Borchardt. [171] The country also possesses one of the highest densities of lakes in the world, numbering around ten thousand and mostly concentrated in the north-eastern region of Masuria, within the Masurian Lake District. [400][401] In the 21st-century, two Polish productions won the Academy Awards The Pianist (2002) by Roman Polaski and Ida (2013) by Pawe Pawlikowski. [274] Poland was ranked 40th in the Global Innovation Index in 2021. Holocaust: Five Million Forgotten: Non-Jewish Victims of the Shoah. [253] The country is the 20th largest exporter of goods and services in the world. The Beautiful Mrs. Seidenman by Andrzej Szczypiorski, 6. [282] The most populous administrative province or state is the Masovian Voivodeship and the most populous city is the capital, Warsaw, at 1.8 million inhabitants with a further 23 million people living in its metropolitan area. [365] The earliest examples of Polish literature, written in Latin, date to the 12th century. enowned artists and mediapersonalitieshonoured us by accepting the appointments: Ms Joanna Brodzik, Ms Teresa Lipowska, Program of cultural education of convicted women, Project implemented with the financial support of the Minister of Culture and National Heritage, Website graphic design: Anita Gowiska; webmaster: Inforpol NET. [190], Around 315,100 hectares (1,217sqmi), equivalent to 1% of Poland's territory, is protected within 23 Polish national parks, two of which Biaowiea and Bieszczady are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. Drive Your Plow Over the Bones of the Dead by Olga Tokarczuk, 3. [255] In 2019, Poland passed a law that would exempt workers under the age of 26 from income tax.
all you can read in poland
