Also for PAHs rubber granulate is one of many sources of exposure; others include, for example, exhaust fumes, tyre particulates, cigarette smoke, burned wood (open fire) and meat (barbecue). 54. https://www2.mst.dk/Udgiv/publications/2005/87-7614-652-9/pdf/87-7614-653-7.pdf. The results from the present investigation are in concordance with the findings in previous national and international investigations into the health risks of rubber granulate [26,27,28,29,30,31,32,33,34], and were recently confirmed in the investigation by ECHA [12]. Report number 711701025. Under worst-case conditions (estimated exposure based on maximum content values, not averaged out over the year/lifetime, all training sessions and matches on synthetic turf with rubber granulate), there is a possible cause for concern for one of the exposure scenarios, i.e., scenario 2 (Fig. Pittsburgh, PA, USA: Cardno ChemRisk, Prepared for Rubber Manufacturers Association, Washington, DC; 2013. The bacterial community is significantly different between facilities (ANOSIM: R = 0.179; p < 0.001) and surface materials (ANOSIM: R = 0.172; p < 0.005). ECHA. Time constraints did not allow a complete hazard assessment of the prioritised substances, including the setting of toxicological reference values to be used for risk assessment. Hence, also the limit values specified therein, although not directly applicable to rubber granulate, have been included in the comparison. No headspace analyses were available for the prioritised substances. The comparison focused on the presence, absence, number, and concentration of chemicals of concern. Nature's Miracle pet products feature safe and effective cleaning solutions, including stain and odor removal sprays, waste management and grooming products. Migration data are considered more relevant for risk assessment than content data, since it is only the fraction of a substance leaching or migrating from the rubber granulate that football players can actually be exposed to. Nature's Miracle isn't quite strong enough and doesn't penetrate deep enough for really bad lingering odors. IARC. Unable to load your collection due to an error, Unable to load your delegates due to an error. Some Non-heterocyclic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and some related exposures. If you feel that simply using water is not going to do a thorough clean for your turf, I will suggest you to try with some mild detergent to see how the result will be, it regular mild detergent can do the job, you don't have to use more heavy duty type. While urine and feces can easily kill real grass, it will not harm your artificial grass. All toxicological reference values, with the exception of those for PAHs and lead, are related to a threshold effect. The information on the page is confusing but it appears that all of these products were recalled because of possible Salmonella contamination. Substance evaluation report for benzothiazole-2-thiol (2-MBT). With headspace analysis, the evaporation of volatile substances was determined following heating of rubber granulate for minimally 6h at 60C, using a standard mixture of 65 VOCs as reference [14]. There are many rumors spread that artificial turf is not safe or suitable for pets. 18 were here. No content analyses were done for metals, but from literature and the leaching experiment it is clear that various metals are present in rubber granulate, zinc in particular. Thus, the results indicate that exposure to benzothiazoles from rubber granulate is not a cause for concern, even if the inhalation from vapour (following evaporation from rubber granulate) would additionally contribute to the total exposure (Supplementary Table S5). From our results, it can further be seen that it is primarily the PAHs in rubber granulate that may potentially lead to an increased cancer risk. While each surface displays a unique community structure, surfaces were similar across all facilities. Foaming litter box cleaner. Determination of microbial populations in a synthetic turf system. EPA. Ambient air pollution by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH). Although limited in nature (a relatively low number of measurements were possible in the short timeframe available, for a few groups of substances), they provide an indication as to the fraction of PAHs, phthalates and metals that become actually available for exposure. I use any cleaner and water and it works so fine! 1) (Supplementary Table S3). | Find, read and cite all the research . Nature's Miracle Stain and Odor Remover formula is an enzymatic stain and odor remover that's tough on dog urine, feces, vomit, drool and other organic stains while freshening with a light scent. the best experience, we recommend you use a more up to date browser (or turn off compatibility mode in Here, we investigated the microbial community present on soccer fields, using Next Generation Sequencing and a 16S amplicon sequencing approach. official website and that any information you provide is encrypted Representative diagram reporting data at genus, Heat map of pathogen percentage. The presence of carcinogenic substances in rubber granulate made from old car tyres raised concerns that the use of this granulate as infill on synthetic turf pitches may cause leukaemia and lymphoma in young football players and goalkeepers. EU. This uncertainty is, however, not considered to affect the main conclusions of the risk assessment. Mild detergent and vinegar is easily accessible. There is no legislation in Europe or the Netherlands that specifically applies to rubber granulate. Also the assumption that children would ingest 0.2g of rubber grains during each and every training session/match (and adults 0.05g) is worst case. Especially in sports, different sports. Supplementary TableS1 presents an overview of the substances that are detected in at least 5% of the samples analysed for these substances. Baars A, Theelen R, Janssen P, Hesse J, Apeldoorn MV, Meijerink M, et al. The relative abundance of potentially pathogenic bacterial OTUs was higher in synthetic than in natural samples (ANOVA, F = 2.2). The risk assessment was focussed on some prioritised substances (i.e., those present in levels above regulatory limit values nd having CMR properties), not on all substances present in rubber granulate. With six positions per pitch sampled, a total of 600 rubber granulate samples were collected. and JavaScript. Metals were analysed for leaching into water (following shaking a mixture of rubber granulate and water for 24h at room temperature), all other substances for content. Hence, for this route only exposure to rubber dust was calculated, with the use of content data as worst-case scenario (no data on migration of substances out of rubber granulate dust into artificial lung fluid are available). ISSN 1559-064X (online) Prfbericht PA/4038/16. Options: Rubber granulate samples from 100 Dutch synthetic turf pitches were analysed for 45 (all samples) or 79 substances (a subset). A distinction was made by age, by intensity of playing (recreational or performance-oriented), by position (field player or goalkeeper) and by total duration of playing football (during a specific age category, or lifelong). When purchased online. 2b)(Supplementary Table S6). Other VOCs, such as ethanol, acetone, carbon disulphide, acetaldehyde, methyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone, were found to a limited extent. Calloway SP, Hardin DM, Crawford MD, Hardin JM, Lemak LJ, Giza E, Forsythe B, Lu Y, Patel BH, Osbahr DC, Gerhardt MB, Mandelbaum BR, Baldwin WW. Annex XV report proposal for a restriction on eight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in granules and mulches used as infill material in synthetic turf pitches and in loose form on playgrounds and in sport applications. Solution Center Solution Center Select your pet mess and find the solution that is right for you. Report number EPA/630/R-03/003F. The criterion used in this step was the classification of the substance as CMR category 1A (for a proven CMR in humans) or 1B (for a probable CMR in humans) in the Classification & Labelling Inventory [21]. This research was to include sampling of 50100 Dutch pitches, chemical analyses into the content of the rubber granulate samples, evaluation of the international scientific literature into the hazards of rubber granulate and substances present therein, and assessment of the health risks. EPA, CDC, ATSDR. Under 500 SF Nilsson N, Malmgren-Hansen B, Thomsen U. Mapping, emissions and environmental and health assessment of chemical substances in artificial turf. Stiles VH, James IT, Dixon SJ, Guisasola IN. Nature's Miracle Stain and Odor Remover formula is an enzymatic stain and odor remover that's tough on dog urine, feces, vomit, drool and other organic stains while freshening with a light scent. Heat map of pathogen percentage. We reviewed the literature and regulations on artificial turf. Hofstra U. Milieu-en gezondheidsaspecten van instrooirubber; gemalen rubber van autobanden als instrooimateriaal op kunstgrasvelden (eindrapport) [Environmental and health risks of rubber infill. Anyone you share the following link with will be able to read this content: Sorry, a shareable link is not currently available for this article. CAS Epub 2013 Aug 13. Artificial turf for dogs is another way to train . However, in the EU rubber granulate is considered a mixture and as such it has to comply with the rules under the REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorisation and Restriction of Chemicals) and CLP (Classification, Labelling and Packaging) Regulations [17, 18]. This investigation has been performed by order and for the account of the Dutch Ministry of Health, Welfare and Sport. VOCs like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, styrene and 1,3-butadiene were not found in levels above the limit of detection in the evaporated air. For the prioritised substances with migration data, the results of the migration experiments do not provide a comprehensive overview, due to the limited number of samples tested. National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, The Netherlands, Marja E. J. Pronk,Marjolijn Woutersen&Joke M. M. Herremans, You can also search for this author in However, other regulatory limit values, although not directly applicable to rubber granulate as such, were exceeded by some substances in rubber granulate. Ares(2016)2535167 - 01-06-2016. https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/13641/echa_rest_proposals_rubber_granules_en.pdf. Details Eliminates odors at the source with powerful, natural enzymes, instead of simply covering them up! Table4 specifies the actual values used for the substances selected for risk assessment; in all cases, these concern maximum pitch levels, as worst-case scenario. Some of the samples also have low concentrations of PCBs. 2014;14(1):437447. Committee for risk assessment (RAC). Report number A833860/R20060319. ECHA. These oral exposures are associated with additional cancer risks of 1.1106 (field player) and 2.8106 (goalkeeper). Looking at PAHs in rubber granulate, the dermal route (with a very low migration of 0.02% to sweat) and inhalation route (with a dust exposure of 0.027ng/m3 and vapour concentration of 0.03ng/m3, both well below the air limit value) do not appear to be relevant exposure routes for football players. Am J Sports Med. https://echa.europa.eu/documents/10162/21961120/rac_26_reference_dnels_bbp_en.pdf/f7e55089-a402-4eb1-b79d-a93e2387db5d. A possible link was suggested between carcinogenic substances present in rubber granulate made from car tyres and the occurrence of leukaemia and lymphoma in young football players, goalkeepers in particular. EC. Version 1.1. 2016;13:96979. EC. 1000-2500 SF As explained, we applied toxicological reference values as derived/used by international scientific committees or organisations in their risk assessment of these substances. The subset of 42 samples was counterchecked for PAH and phthalate content and metal leaching. Injury Surveillance in Major League Soccer: A 4-Year Comparison of Injury on Natural Grass Versus Artificial Turf Field. The Dutch policy on genotoxic carcinogenic substances is to aim at achieving a negligible or maximum permissible risk level on lifelong exposure. Is Artificial Turf suitable for dogs?Jade Child has been selling and installing artificial turf in Tasmania since 2010. That is a very convenient way in cleaning the artificial grass. Still not convinced? During the experiment, peristalsis is simulated in both compartments for a total of 4h at 37C, upon addition of artificial saliva, gastric and intestinal juices. Works wonders on grass, artificial turf, gravel, concrete, brick, decking and other outdoor surfaces. $40.18. 513-35-9), which has no official classification as CMR 1A/1B but is self-classified by companies as carcinogen 1B. Kempeneers. 2008;724:1-114. http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/ https://doi.org/10.2903/j.efsa.2008.724/epdf. Dietary exposure to lead in the Netherlands. Consequently, the results indicate no cause for concern for exposure to phthalates from rubber granulate, even if the inhalation from vapour (following evaporation from rubber granulate) would additionally contribute to the total exposure (Supplementary Table S4). The exposure estimates therefore relate to external, not internal, exposure. The oral exposure to PAHs in rubber granulate, taking the ECHA-8 PAHs as marker and assuming that 9% of the PAHs migrate into the gastrointestinal tract, is estimated to be 7.6104g/kg bw/d for a field player and 1.99103g/kg bw/d for a goalkeeper. Whereas for zinc this could possibly result in environmental effects, zinc is not of concern to human health (not CMR) and therefore not selected for risk assessment. Our findings for a representative number of Dutch pitches are consistent with those of prior and contemporary studies observing no elevated health risk from playing sports on synthetic turf pitches with recycled rubber granulate. Substances known or suspected to be associated with these types of cancer were either not detected in any of the rubber granulate samples (benzene, styrene and 1,3-butadiene), or present in such low concentrations (2-MBT) that no risk can be expected. Turf and Kennel Deodorizer, 25-Pound, Captures and eliminates odors caused by urine and feces from pets on artificial turf, while doubling as a blade supporting.., By Pure Nature Pets. Asian J Atmos Environ. 2016. https://www.epa.gov/chemical-research/federal-research-action-plan-recycled-tire-crumb-used-playing-fields. Federal research action plan on recycled tire crumb used on playing fields and playgrounds - status report. http://www.synturf.org/images/Bass_and_Hintze_viewcontent.pdf, Anderson M.E., Kirkland K.H., Guidotti T.L., Rose C. A case study of tire crumb use on playgrounds: risk analysis and communication when major clinical knowledge gaps exist. Agglomerative hierarchical clustering was performed (the data are, MeSH It is based on developmental neurotoxicity, and the reference value was set extremely low to minimise lead exposure to a level as low as possible. Nature's Miracle Litter Box Cleaner Foam, 496g. For this scenario (goalkeeper from 7 years of age, with 7-year-old child as worst case), the RCR equals 1. Luckily, artificial grass for pets is easy to clean and maintain. Annex XV Report an evaluation of the possible health risks of recycled rubber granules used as infill in synthetic turf sports fields. Nature's Miracle Advanced Formula Severe Stain & Odor Eliminator $13.59 - 35.09 $14.99 - 39.99 $12.91 -33.34 5% off Auto Ship Buy 2, Get the 3rd FREE Mix n' Match Dog & Cat Stain & Odor Save 35% On Your First Autoship Order! Visser M, Engelen JV. Compared with food as the most important source of PAHs for the general population (non-smokers), the estimated exposure via rubber granulate (3798ng/day versus 18004900ng/day via food for the ECHA-8 PAHs) is marginal. I'm not comfortable washing my turf in using water, I feel like i'm not cleaning it enough. PubMedGoogle Scholar. Boon P, Biesebeek JT, Donkersgoed GV. Review of the human health & ecological safety of exposure to recycled tire rubber found at playgrounds and synthetic turf fields. Report number 2015-0192. Engels H, Weidenhaupt H, Pieroth M, Hofmann W, Meting KH, Mergenhagen T, et al. For prioritised substances for which the toxicological reference value is based on a threshold effect, a tiered approach was followed: only if the risk assessment based on the daily exposure estimates resulted in a cause for concern (i.e., the risk characterisation ratio (RCR) between the daily exposure and the toxicological reference value was greater than one), then further comparisons on the basis of year average or lifelong exposure estimates were done. Danish Technological Institute for Danish Environmental Protection Agency; 2008. Field player aged 1118 years (performance oriented). We use the Nature's Miracle Deep Cleaning Carpet Shampoo to clean our artificial grass so it will smell good, since we installed it in our decking where we always hang out. The purpose of this research was to evaluate the influence of the structural components of different 3rd generation artificial turf football field systems on the biomechanical response of impact . Only for one of the 183 substances such an analysis was needed. Samples are, respectively, coloured according to sampling points. 12 April 2013. eCollection 2020 May. CardnoChemRisk. 2012;40:8895. Artificial turf pitches: an assessment of the health risks for football players. 2013;20:4980-92. https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23329128. There was, however, no need to convert the external exposures into internal ones (by adjusting for absorption), as the toxicological reference values for all prioritised substances were external values as well, except for bisphenol A (BPA). Oslo, Norway: Norwegian Institute of Public Health (NIPH) and the Radium Hospital; 2006. General default parameters for estimating consumer exposure - Updated version 2014. Bethesda, MD 20894, Web Policies Bilthoven, The Netherlands: National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM); 2017. Rubber granulate can be made from new synthetic rubber, but also from scrap rubber products, in particular old car tyres. For the general unknown screening (to detect possible other substances of interest present in rubber granulate that were not actively sought for), rubber granulate extracts were analysed by gas chromatography and mass spectrometry. 2017 Mar;45(3):708-718. doi: 10.1177/0363546516671715.
nature's miracle for artificial turf
